La Estatuto Revisado de Nevada § 205.240 define el hurto menor como la toma intencional de propiedad valorada en menos de $1,200.00 sin el consentimiento del dueño. Hacerlo es un delito menor castigable con hasta seis meses de cárcel, multas de hasta $1,000, y restitución al víctima.

Los fiscales pueden estar dispuestos a desestimar los cargos de hurto menor si usted:

• paga la multa y la restitución y
• completa “sentencia alternativa,” como la Escuela de Hurto Menor.

El hurto menor también se conoce comúnmente como

• hurto menor o
• robo menor.

Si el valor de la propiedad robada es $1,200.00 o más, entonces el fiscal presentaría cargos por gran hurto. La siguiente tabla compara y contrasta el hurto menor y el gran hurto en Nevada.

	Hurto Menor	Gran Hurto
Definición	Robo de propiedad valorada en menos de $1,200	Robo de propiedad valorada en $1,200 o más
Clasificación	Misdemeanor	Felony
Posibles Penas	Hasta 6 meses en la cárcel del condado Multa de hasta $1,000 Restitución	1 a 20 años en prisión estatal Multa de hasta $15,000 Restitución
Requisito de Intención	Intención de privar al dueño de la propiedad	Intención de privar al dueño de la propiedad
Defensas	Reclamo de derecho Falta de intención Identidad equivocada Consentimiento del dueño	Reclamo de derecho Falta de intención Identidad equivocada Consentimiento del dueño Disputa sobre el valor de la propiedad
Estatuto de Limitaciones	1 año a partir de la fecha del delito	3 años a partir de la fecha del delito

En este artículo, nuestros abogados de robo menor en Las Vegas abordan los siguientes temas:

• 1. Definición de “Robo Menor”
• 2. Cárcel
• 3. Desestimaciones y Reducciones
• 4. Defensas
• 5. Sellado de Antecedentes
• 6. Consecuencias de Inmigración
• 7. Estatuto de Robo Menor
• 8. Otros Delitos de Robo
• Recursos Adicionales

1. Definición de “Robo Menor”

La definición de robo menor es cuando intencionalmente robas la propiedad de otra persona sin el consentimiento del dueño cuando el valor de la propiedad es menos de $1,200. Los casos de robo menor generalmente surgen de las siguientes situaciones:

• robo de bienes personales, como en Walmart,
• robo de artículos de una habitación de motel u hotel donde te hospedaste, como muebles o ropa de cama,
• robo de animales domesticados de otra persona, como un perro, gato o pájaro, o
• robo de un cobertizo o cerca de un vecino, convirtiendo su propiedad real en propiedad personal.¹

Los tribunales pueden depender de testimonios de expertos y/o investigaciones de mercado para determinar el valor de un artículo robado. Si los fiscales sobreestiman el valor de la propiedad en tu caso, podemos impugnar la valoración en el tribunal. En última instancia, los jueces atribuyen el valor más alto a la propiedad robada según cualquier estándar razonable.²

Petit Larceny Versus Other Larceny Crimes

Delito de robo en Nevada	Diferencias con el robo menor
Robo mayor	A diferencia del robo menor, el robo mayor es el robo de bienes valorados en $1,200 o más. El robo mayor siempre es un delito grave que conlleva una sentencia de prisión estatal.3
Robo de una persona (carterismo)	El robo de una persona es el robo de bienes de la persona de otra sin usar fuerza o amenazas. Por lo general, se hace sin el conocimiento de la víctima del robo. El carterismo siempre es un delito grave.4 En cambio, el robo menor es el robo de bienes que no están en la persona de alguien.
Allanamiento de morada	El allanamiento de morada es entrar en cualquier edificio o estructura con la intención de cometer un robo (u otros delitos) en su interior. Este delito siempre es un delito grave.5 Por el contrario, el hurto menor puede ocurrir afuera. Puede ser condenado por hurto menor incluso si no tenía la intención de robar antes de entrar.
Hurto mayor de un arma de fuego	Robar un arma siempre es un delito grave en Nevada. No importa si el arma tiene un valor inferior a $1,200.6
Robo de correo	Robar correo siempre es un delito grave de categoría D en Nevada. No importa si el correo tiene un valor inferior a $1,200.7

2. Cárcel

Como delito menor en Nevada, el hurto menor conlleva:

• hasta $1,000 en multas, y/o
• hasta 6 meses en la cárcel.

Además, el tribunal puede ordenar que pague restitución a la víctima. La cantidad de restitución depende del valor de los artículos robados.⁸

Además de conllevar sanciones penales, una condena por hurto menor podría hacer que pierda oportunidades profesionales, educativas o de vivienda. Los posibles empleadores son mucho más propensos a rechazar a solicitantes de empleo con antecedentes de robo.

Tenga en cuenta que cometer un robo mientras está armado con un arma de fuego – o como parte de un anillo organizado de robo al por menor – puede invitar a cargos más graves, con penas de prisión. Esto es especialmente cierto si alguien más se sintió físicamente amenazado por usted.⁹

3. Desestimaciones y reducciones

Es posible que el juez acepte desestimar su cargo por hurto menor, especialmente si es su primera ofensa. El escenario típico en Nevada es que usted se declare culpable de un “submittal” al hurto menor, lo que significa que el fiscal desestimará el cargo siempre y cuando usted:

• pague una multa,
• pague restitución por las pérdidas de la víctima, y
• complete “Petit Larceny School”, un curso educativo sobre las consecuencias del hurto y los recursos comunitarios.

Si no cumple con estos términos, el juez lo declarará culpable de hurto menor y posiblemente imponga la cárcel.

En Tribunal Municipal de Las Vegas, el Programa de Pequeños Hurtos (PLP) cuesta $225 y consta de:

1. cuatro sesiones de asesoramiento grupal de 2 horas cada una, o
2. una clase de 8 horas.

Si la fiscalía no está dispuesta a retirar los cargos, es posible que podamos persuadirlos para que los cambien a allanamiento o conducta desordenada. Estos delitos también son delitos menores, pero tienen un estigma social menor que el robo y no se ven tan mal en las verificaciones de antecedentes.

4. Defensas

Aquí en Las Vegas Defense Group, el hurto menor es uno de los cargos más comunes que combatimos, especialmente en el contexto de robo en tiendas. En nuestra experiencia, tres defensas que han demostrado ser muy efectivas para persuadir a los fiscales a retirar los cargos son las siguientes.

No hubo apropiación

Simplemente tocar la propiedad de otra persona no es lo mismo que apropiársela.

Ejemplo: Las amigas Jane y Jill van a Walgreens, donde Jill reta a Jane a robar un lápiz labial. Jane pasa su mano por uno de los lápices labiales, pero rápidamente pierde el valor y retira su mano. Mientras tanto, un cajero escucha el intercambio y alerta a Las Vegas Metro de que Jane ha robado un lápiz labial.

Si la policía en el ejemplo anterior cita a Jane por hurto menor, los cargos deberían ser retirados porque Jane no robó nada. Tocar el lápiz labial como cualquier cliente podría hacerlo no debería ser considerado una apropiación, incluso si estaba considerando tomar posesión de la propiedad por un corto período de tiempo.

Si Jane hubiera puesto el lápiz labial en su bolsillo y hubiera pasado por la caja registradora antes de perder el valor, entonces el fiscal podría condenarla por hurto menor. En ese escenario, Jane técnicamente tomó el lápiz labial y tenía la intención de robarlo. El hecho de que haya tenido dudas no anula sus acciones anteriores.

No tenías la intención de robar

El hurto menor es un delito de intención específica. Por lo tanto, no puedes ser condenado por él a menos que el fiscal pueda demostrar más allá de una duda razonable que tomaste un artículo con la intención de robarlo.

Ejemplo: Jared entra en CVS para comprar un refresco. Mientras está en la tienda, recibe una llamada telefónica. Preocupado por la llamada, sale de la tienda olvidando pagar. Como Jared no tenía la intención de robar y tomó el refresco por error, no cometió ningún delito.

Descubrimos que la “falta de intención” es una defensa poderosa porque los fiscales no pueden probar exactamente lo que estaba pasando por tu cabeza. Si podemos hacer un argumento convincente de que simplemente olvidaste pagar y tomaste los artículos por error porque estabas distraído o había una emergencia, entonces los cargos criminales no pueden mantenerse.

La propiedad te pertenecía

Tal vez te acusaron falsamente de robar propiedad que ya poseías.

Ejemplo: Andy y Bill terminaron su relación pero comparten la custodia de un gato. Un día, Bill conduce a la casa de Andy y toma al gato del porche delantero para llevarlo al veterinario.

(3) Real property, with a value of less than $250, owned by another person;

(b) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away the property of another person, of any value, located on the grounds of a public or private school, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(c) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any property, of any value, owned by a provider of health care, as defined in NRS 439B.260, or by a supplier of durable medical equipment, as defined in NRS 439B.280, which is used in providing home health care, hospice care or medical equipment services, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(d) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(e) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(f) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(g) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(h) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(i) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(j) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(k) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(l) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(m) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(n) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(o) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(p) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(q) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(r) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(s) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(t) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(u) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(v) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(w) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(x) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(y) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(z) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(aa) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(bb) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(cc) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(dd) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(ee) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(ff) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(gg) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(hh) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are located on the premises of the child care facility, without the permission of the owner of the property or an employee or agent of the owner;

(ii) Intentionally steals, takes and carries away, leads away or drives away any personal goods or property, with a value of less than $1,200, owned by a provider of child care, as defined in NRS 432A.020, which are

(3) Bienes inmuebles, con un valor de menos de $1,200, que la persona ha convertido en bienes personales al separarlos de bienes inmuebles propiedad de otra persona.

(b) Intencionalmente roba, toma y lleva, conduce, conduce o atrae uno o más animales domésticos o aves domésticas, con un valor total de menos de $1,200, propiedad de otra persona.

2. A menos que se establezca una pena mayor de conformidad con NRS 205.267, una persona que cometa un hurto menor es culpable de un delito menor. Además de cualquier otra pena, el tribunal ordenará a la persona que pague restitución.

8. Otros delitos de robo

Delito de robo en Nevada	Definición
Robo	El robo es tomar la propiedad personal de otra persona por la fuerza o amenazas. Un ejemplo es un asalto armado a un cajero en una tienda minorista.12
Posesión de propiedad robada	Es ilegal poseer propiedad que sabes que es robada.13
Posesión de propiedad perdida	No puedes mantener propiedad perdida a menos que tomes medidas razonables para encontrar al dueño.14
Desfalco	El desfalco es robar propiedad que poseías legalmente inicialmente. Un ejemplo es no devolver un automóvil alquilado a tiempo.15
Robo de cartera señuelo	Las carteras o billeteras “perdidas” en un lugar público pueden ser plantadas por la policía local en busca de ladrones.16
Gran hurto de un vehículo motorizado (“robo de auto”)	Robar un automóvil o motocicleta siempre es un delito grave, incluso si el valor del vehículo es menor de $1,200.17

Recursos adicionales

Para obtener más información sobre las leyes de hurto y temas relacionados, consulte lo siguiente:

1. Asociación Nacional para la Prevención del Hurto – Proporciona información sobre las causas del hurto, estadísticas y prevención.
2. Revista de Prevención de Pérdidas – Información sobre prevención de pérdidas en el comercio minorista y disuasión del hurto.
3. Lo que revela el pánico sobre el hurto en tiendas sobre la política criminal estadounidense – Artículo sobre cómo los legisladores están abordando los problemas de hurto en tiendas, por el Proyecto Marshall
4. Cleptomaniacs And Shoplifters Anonymous, LLC (CASA) – Grupo de autoayuda semanal.
5. Clase de Conciencia sobre el Hurto en Nevada – Clase en línea que los acusados pueden tomar para cumplir con los requisitos judiciales.

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Referencias Legales

NRS 200.275.

NRS 205.0832(d).

NRS 205.300.

NRS 205.0832(d).

NRS 205.288.